Guatemala

Some of the key events about Guatemala

• 1524

  Spanish conquest of Guatemala began, leading to the subjugation of indigenous Maya populations
• 1821

  Guatemala gained independence from Spain
• 1821

  Guatemala declared independence from Spain but was annexed by the Mexican Empire
• 1839

  Guatemala became fully independent after the collapse of the Federal Republic of Central America
• 1871

  Liberal reforms modernized the country's economy and infrastructure
• 1944

  The October Revolution led to a decade of democratic reforms
• 1944

  The October Revolution overthrew the military dictatorship but led to a period of political instability
• 1954

  A CIA-backed coup d'état overthrew the democratically elected government
• 1960

  The Guatemalan Civil War began, lasting 36 years and resulting in widespread violence and human rights abuses
• 1967

  The first national park, Tikal National Park, was established
• 1976

  A major earthquake struck Guatemala, killing approximately 23,000 people and leaving over a million homeless
• 1982

  The most violent period of the civil war occurred, with widespread massacres of indigenous communities
• 1985

  A new constitution was adopted, establishing a democratic government
• 1996

  Peace Accords ended the 36-year Guatemalan Civil War
• 1996

  The civil war officially ended, but left deep societal scars and unresolved issues
• 2006

  Guatemala ratified the Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)
• 2012

  The ancient Maya city of El Mirador was declared a national cultural heritage site
• 2015

  Guatemala joined the United Nations Security Council as a non-permanent member
• 2018

  Volcán de Fuego erupted, killing at least 190 people and affecting thousands more
• 2019

  The country's first satellite, Quetzal-1, was launched into space

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