Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba, Isla de la Juventud, archipelagos, 4,195 islands and cays surrounding the main island. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of both Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola, and north of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital. Cuba is the third-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti and the Dominican Republic, with about 11 million inhabitants. It is the largest country in the Caribbean by area.
Some of the key events about Cuba
- 1511The first Spanish settlement on Cuba was destroyed by indigenous resistance
- 1762Havana was captured by British forces during the Seven Years' War
- 1868The Ten Years' War, Cuba's first war of independence against Spanish colonial rule, began
- 1868The Ten Years' War began, marking the start of Cuba's struggle for independence from Spain
- 1895The Cuban War of Independence erupted, leading to significant loss of life and economic disruption
- 1898The USS Maine exploded in Havana harbor, precipitating the Spanish-American War
- 1901The Platt Amendment severely limited Cuban sovereignty and gave the U.S. the right to intervene in Cuban affairs
- 1902Cuba gained independence from the United States, becoming a sovereign nation
- 1940A new constitution was adopted, establishing advanced social reforms and women's suffrage
- 1952A military coup overthrew the elected government, leading to a dictatorship
- 1959The Cuban Revolution succeeded in overthrowing the Batista regime
- 1961A nationwide literacy campaign reduced illiteracy rates from 23% to 3.9% in one year
- 1961The failed Bay of Pigs invasion attempted to overthrow the revolutionary government
- 1962The Cuban Missile Crisis brought the world to the brink of nuclear war
- 1976A new socialist constitution was adopted through a national referendum
- 1992The constitution was amended to remove references to the Soviet Union and add direct elections for National Assembly members
- 1994The "Special Period" of economic crisis began following the collapse of the Soviet Union, causing severe hardships for Cubans
- 2008Cuba signed the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- 2014Cuba and the United States announced the beginning of a process of normalizing relations
- 2019A new constitution was approved by referendum, recognizing private property and foreign investment
Disclaimer: This material is written based on information taken from open sources, including Wikipedia, news media, podcasts, and other public sources.
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