Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of 756,102 square kilometers (291,933 sq mi), sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about 1,250,000 square kilometers (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish.
Some of the key events about Chile
- 1810Chile declared independence from Spain, leading to a prolonged war of independence
- 1818Chile gained independence from Spain
- 1879Chile emerged victorious in the War of the Pacific, expanding its territory
- 1879The War of the Pacific began, resulting in territorial losses for Bolivia and Peru
- 1891A civil war erupted, causing significant political and economic instability
- 1910The Chilean Antarctic Territory was officially claimed
- 1960The Great Chilean Earthquake, the most powerful earthquake ever recorded, struck southern Chile
- 1962Chile hosted the FIFA World Cup
- 1970A major mining accident trapped 33 miners underground for 69 days
- 1971Pablo Neruda was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature
- 1973A military coup overthrew the democratically elected government, leading to a 17-year dictatorship
- 1982Chile experienced a severe economic crisis, with unemployment reaching 30%
- 1988A national plebiscite peacefully ended the military dictatorship
- 1990Chile returned to democracy with free elections
- 2010Chile joined the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- 2010The successful rescue of 33 miners trapped underground for 69 days captivated the world
- 2010A magnitude 8.8 earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused widespread destruction
- 2019Widespread protests erupted over inequality and the cost of living, leading to violent clashes
- 2022Chile drafted a new constitution, aiming to address social and economic inequalities
- 2023Devastating wildfires in central Chile killed at least 26 people and destroyed thousands of homes
Disclaimer: This material is written based on information taken from open sources, including Wikipedia, news media, podcasts, and other public sources.
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