Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula. It borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to the north and southwest. In the south it has a 20 kilometres long coast on the Adriatic Sea, with the town of Neum being its only access to the sea. Bosnia has a moderate continental climate with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. In the central and eastern regions, the geography is mountainous, in the northwest it is moderately hilly, and in the northeast it is predominantly flat. Herzegovina, the smaller, southern region, has a Mediterranean climate and is mostly mountainous. Sarajevo is the capital and the largest city.
Some of the key events about Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 1377The Kingdom of Bosnia gained independence from Hungary
- 1463The Ottoman Empire conquers Bosnia, ending the medieval Bosnian Kingdom
- 1878Bosnia and Herzegovina came under Austro-Hungarian administration, leading to modernization
- 1878Austria-Hungary occupies Bosnia and Herzegovina, leading to tensions with local population
- 1914Assassination in Sarajevo triggers World War I
- 1941Nazi Germany invades and occupies Bosnia and Herzegovina during World War II
- 1984Sarajevo hosted the XIV Olympic Winter Games
- 1992Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from Yugoslavia
- 1992Bosnian War begins, resulting in widespread ethnic violence and genocide
- 1993Destruction of the historic Stari Most bridge in Mostar by Croatian forces
- 1994Markale marketplace massacre in Sarajevo kills 68 civilians
- 1995The Dayton Agreement ended the Bosnian War and established a framework for peace
- 1995Srebrenica massacre claims the lives of over 8,000 Bosniak men and boys
- 1995NATO bombing campaign against Bosnian Serb forces causes civilian casualties
- 2000The country joined the United Nations' "Partnership for Peace" program
- 2008Bosnia and Herzegovina signed the Stabilization and Association Agreement with the European Union
- 2010The country was granted visa-free travel to the Schengen Area
- 2014Widespread protests and riots erupt due to high unemployment and political corruption
- 2016Bosnia and Herzegovina formally applied for European Union membership
- 2019The country hosted its first-ever Pride parade in Sarajevo, promoting LGBTQ+ rights
Disclaimer: This material is written based on information taken from open sources, including Wikipedia, news media, podcasts, and other public sources.
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