Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran. It is located on the Tigris river. In 762 AD, Baghdad was founded as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, and became its most notable major development project. Within a short time, the city evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the Muslim world. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multi-ethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning".
Some of the key events about Baghdad
- 762The city of Baghdad was founded as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate
- 832The House of Wisdom, a major intellectual center, was established in Baghdad
- 1258Baghdad became a center of Islamic learning and culture after recovering from Mongol invasion
- 1258Mongol invasion devastated the city, destroying much of its infrastructure and population
- 1401Timur's forces sacked Baghdad, causing widespread destruction
- 1534The city became part of the Ottoman Empire, leading to a period of stability and growth
- 1623Ottoman-Safavid War led to the city's capture and significant damage
- 1831A devastating plague swept through Baghdad, killing a large portion of its inhabitants
- 1917Baghdad was captured by British forces, ending Ottoman rule and beginning a new era
- 1917British forces captured Baghdad during World War I, ending centuries of Ottoman rule
- 1921Baghdad became the capital of the newly formed Kingdom of Iraq
- 1958The city became the capital of the Republic of Iraq following a military coup
- 1958Violent coup d'état overthrew the Hashemite monarchy, resulting in the deaths of royal family members
- 1980Baghdad hosted the Arab League summit, strengthening its role in regional politics
- 1980Iran-Iraq War began, leading to years of conflict and economic hardship for Baghdad
- 1991Gulf War resulted in severe bombing of Baghdad's infrastructure
- 2003The National Museum of Iraq in Baghdad was reopened after looting, preserving cultural heritage
- 2003US-led invasion of Iraq caused extensive damage to the city and its institutions
- 2006Sectarian violence escalated in Baghdad, leading to numerous civilian casualties and displacement
- 2018Baghdad was removed from the list of world's least livable cities, showing signs of improvement
Disclaimer: This material is written based on information taken from open sources, including Wikipedia, news media, podcasts, and other public sources.
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