Algeria
Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia; to the east by Libya; to the southeast by Niger; to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara; to the west by Morocco; and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. Algeria has a semi-arid climate, with the Sahara desert dominating most of the territory except for its fertile and mountainous north, where most of the population is concentrated. Spanning 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), it is the world's tenth-largest nation by area, and the largest nation in Africa. With a population of 44 million, Algeria is the tenth-most populous country in Africa, and the 32nd-most populous country in the world. The capital and largest city is Algiers, located in the far north on the Mediterranean coast.
Some of the key events about Algeria
- 1830French invasion and colonization of Algeria began, leading to over a century of colonial rule
- 1954Algerian War of Independence started, resulting in a bloody eight-year conflict
- 1962Algeria gained independence from France after a long struggle
- 1962Post-independence violence led to the exodus of most of the European population
- 1965Military coup d'état overthrew the civilian government
- 1969The country hosted the Pan-African Cultural Festival, promoting African unity and culture
- 1975Algeria played a key role in founding OPEC, strengthening its economic position
- 1982The country launched its first satellite, Alcomsat-1, advancing its space technology
- 1988October Riots resulted in hundreds of deaths and led to political reforms
- 1990The government introduced multi-party elections, marking a step towards democracy
- 1991Government cancelled elections when an Islamist party was poised to win, sparking a civil war
- 1992Algerian Civil War began, lasting a decade and causing an estimated 150,000 deaths
- 2000Algeria successfully eradicated malaria, a significant public health achievement
- 2003Boumerdes earthquake killed over 2,200 people and injured thousands more
- 2007The ancient Roman ruins of Tipaza were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site
- 2011The government lifted the 19-year-old state of emergency, increasing civil liberties
- 2013In Amenas hostage crisis at a gas facility resulted in at least 39 foreign hostages killed
- 2016Algeria adopted a new constitution strengthening democratic institutions
- 2019Mass protests (Hirak Movement) forced the long-serving president to resign but political instability continued
- 2020The country completely eliminated trachoma, a blinding eye disease
Disclaimer: This material is written based on information taken from open sources, including Wikipedia, news media, podcasts, and other public sources.
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