On October 2, 2024, Claudia Sheinbaum made history as Mexico's first female president, ushering in a new era for the nation of over 130 million people. In her inaugural address, the 62-year-old leader committed to a fresh approach in tackling the country's ongoing drug-related violence, emphasizing intelligence work and investigations over confrontational tactics.
Sheinbaum stated, "There will be no return to the irresponsible drug war," signaling a departure from past strategies. This stance comes in the wake of recent turmoil in northern Mexico, where clashes between factions of the Sinaloa cartel have resulted in at least 50 fatalities since September 9, 2024.
The new president's approach contrasts with her predecessor, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who implemented a "hugs, not bullets" policy after taking office in 2018. López Obrador had declared the war on drug cartels "over," focusing instead on addressing root causes of violence.
Sheinbaum's inauguration was marked by symbolic gestures highlighting Mexico's rich cultural heritage. An Indigenous elder presented her with a wooden staff of authority, while a spiritual guide performed a blessing ritual. These ceremonies reflect the country's diverse background, which includes 68 officially recognized indigenous languages and a history dating back to pre-Columbian civilizations like the Aztecs and Maya.
In her speech, Sheinbaum emphasized women's empowerment, stating, "It's time for transformation, it's time for women." She outlined plans to limit food and fuel prices and expand cash assistance programs for women and children. These economic measures are significant for Mexico, which boasts the world's 15th largest economy by nominal GDP.
The new president's background as a scientist and former mayor of Mexico City, one of the world's largest urban centers, brings a unique perspective to the country's leadership. Her election victory in June 2024 was decisive, reflecting public support for change.
Sheinbaum takes office at a crucial time for Mexico, a country rich in natural resources and cultural heritage. As the world's largest producer of silver and home to 35 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Mexico faces the challenge of balancing economic development with environmental conservation, including its 30 biosphere reserves.
The president's focus on intelligence-based strategies to combat drug-related crime marks a new chapter in Mexico's approach to security. This shift comes 18 years after the start of the country's drug war in 2006, initiated by then-president Felipe Calderón.
As Mexico moves forward under its first female president, the nation looks to build on its strengths, including its strategic position in North American trade, its diverse ecosystems ranging from deserts to rainforests, and its cultural contributions to the world, such as being the birthplace of chocolate, corn, and chili peppers.
Sheinbaum's presidency represents a milestone in Mexico's over 200-year history as an independent nation. With a literacy rate exceeding 95% and a rich tapestry of traditions like the Day of the Dead celebration, Mexico stands poised for a new era of leadership and potential progress in addressing its longstanding challenges.
"You are a voice for all of us who had no voice for a long time."
As legislators chanted "Presidenta!" for the first time in the country's history, Claudia Sheinbaum embarked on her journey to lead Mexico into a new chapter, balancing tradition with progress, and seeking innovative solutions to persistent problems.