Simon Sebag Montefiore, a prominent historian and author, has recently updated his bestselling book "Jerusalem: A History of the Middle East" to include the events of October 7, 2023, and the subsequent Gaza conflict. This revision aims to provide a balanced account of the region's complex history, respecting all narratives, faiths, and cultures.
Montefiore's connection to Jerusalem runs deep, as his great-great uncle, Sir Moses Montefiore, was instrumental in developing the modern city outside the Old City walls. The author emphasizes that his ancestor maintained positive relationships with Palestinian Arabs, Ottoman Turks, and various Christian sects, eschewing nationalist ideologies.
The updated edition of "Jerusalem" now extends beyond the 1967 Six-Day War, incorporating recent events while maintaining its objective narrative. Montefiore's work continues to be praised for its impartial approach to a contentious subject.
In discussing the current conflict, Montefiore criticizes both Hamas and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. He argues that Netanyahu's policies have enabled extremists and undermined Israeli democracy. However, Montefiore also expresses concern about Western naivety in dealing with authoritarian regimes and terrorist organizations.
"We crave glints of moderation and decency in brutal murderous groups. We hope for people like us. But the fact is that people who devote their lives to terrorist groups or Islamist dictatorships, who embrace the conspiratorial and paranoid life, who risk everything to pursue and use violence to terrorise and kill civilians, are not like us."
Montefiore advocates for a realpolitik approach, urging Western nations to take their adversaries at their word and confront them when interests clash, rather than appeasing them. He believes this strategy is crucial for addressing the complex challenges in the Middle East.
The historian maintains hope for peace in the region, supporting a two-state solution backed by surrounding Arab states. He emphasizes the need for strong leadership on both sides to break the current impasse.
Montefiore's personal connections extend to the British royal family, with King Charles III attending his wedding in 1998. The author credits the King as an inspiration for his involvement in interfaith relations.
As Jerusalem continues to be a focal point of conflict and cultural significance, Montefiore's updated work provides valuable historical context. The city's 3,000-year history, including its destruction and rebuilding by various empires, underscores its enduring importance to multiple faiths and cultures.
While Montefiore believes Israel will survive, he expresses concern about the potential for religious extremists to undermine the country's democracy from within. This fear reflects the ongoing challenges facing the region as it grapples with competing ideologies and historical claims.